Those who are learners must have a beginning. The Little Learning finished, they proceed to the Four Books. There is the Lun Yü, in twenty sections. In this, the various disciples have recorded the wise sayings of Confucius. The works of Mencius are comprised in seven sections. These explain the WAY and the exemplification thereof, and expound charity and duty towards one's neighbour. The Chung Yung was written by the pen of Tzŭ-ssŭ; Chung (the middle) being that which does not lean towards any side, Yung (the course) being that which cannot be changed. He who wrote The Great Learning was the philosopher Tsêng. Beginning with cultivation of the individual and ordering of the family, it goes on to government of one's own State and tranquillisation of the Empire.